What are Donor Advised Funds?

When it comes to philanthropic giving, individuals and organizations have a variety of avenues to support causes they care about. One increasingly popular option is the use of Donor-Advised Funds (“DAFs”). DAFs offer a flexible and efficient way for donors to contribute to charitable causes. However, there are ongoing discussions surrounding the benefits and drawbacks of DAFs. In this blog post, we will scan the basics of donor-advised funds, examine their usage, compare them to private foundations, explore philanthropy trends in Canada, provide examples of how DAFs are used, and discuss whether each DAF account should be subject to an account-level Disbursement Quota (DQ).

What is a Donor Advised Fund?

A Donor-Advised Fund is a charitable giving vehicle that allows individuals, families, or organizations to make tax-deductible contributions to a fund held by a sponsoring organization, such as a community foundation or a financial institution. Donors contribute to the fund and subsequently recommend grants to qualified charitable organizations of their choosing.

How do Donors Use DAFs?

Donors find DAFs appealing for several reasons. First, they offer immediate tax benefits upon contribution, allowing donors to maximize their charitable deductions. Second, DAFs provide flexibility in giving, as donors can contribute to the fund and recommend grants at their own pace. This approach allows donors more flexibility over the timing of their charitable gifts, aligning it with their financial goals and the evolving needs of the organizations they support.

DAFs vs. Private Foundations: Which is Better?

Comparing Donor Advised Funds to private foundations is a common debate within the philanthropic sector. DAFs are often seen as a more accessible and cost-effective option for philanthropists looking to establish a charitable legacy without the administrative burdens and legal complexities associated with private foundations. However, private foundations offer more control and autonomy over grant making decisions. The choice between DAFs and private foundations ultimately depends on the donor’s preferences, the desired level of involvement, and the scale of giving.

Philanthropy Trends in Canada: DAFs on the Rise

Canadian philanthropists are increasingly using DAFs. Banks and wealth management firms, alongside community foundations, have played a significant role in launching new DAFs. This development has opened opportunities for individuals and organizations to enhance their philanthropy, by leveraging the expertise and administrative infrastructure of financial institutions. As DAFs continue to gain prominence, the charitable sector is adapting to these changing dynamics and exploring new ways to collaborate.

Examples of Using DAFs Effectively

Donor Advised Funds have proven to be powerful tools for achieving philanthropic goals. Let’s consider a few examples of how donors use DAFs:

a) A senior with excess capital establishes a DAF with their local community foundation for the benefit of local charities. Upon their death, a portion of their estate also goes to their DAF account for the benefit of those same charities in perpetuity.

b) An entrepreneur sells their business and realizes a large capital gain. But, they want to use a portion of their capital for philanthropy and need more time to identify individual causes. So, the donor establishes a DAF to hold the philanthropic funds. This way, the tax benefits of the donation offset the associated tax liability in the same year.

c) A wealthy donor supports local causes but doesn’t want to associate with their large gifts because they fear increasing unwanted solicitations. So, they make their charitable gifts using a DAF. This way, they can remain anonymous.

d) A retiree wants to donate appreciated securities. But, the small charity they wish to support doesn’t have the capacity to accept this type of donation. So, the donor uses a DAF to make the donation of shares. The shares are then sold by the DAF and the cash proceeds flow directly to the charity.

Account-Level Donor Quota: Should It Be Implemented?

The discussion around Donor Advised Funds also encompasses the question of whether each DAF account should be subject to an account-level Disbursement Quota (DQ). A DQ would require a minimum payout from each DAF account within a specified timeframe. Advocates argue that such a measure would ensure greater transparency and increase the flow of funds to charitable causes. However, opponents believe that DQs could impede the strategic nature of philanthropy and limit the long-term impact of DAFs. Finding the right balance between accountability and flexibility is crucial in this ongoing conversation.

DAFs: Conclusion

Donor Advised Funds have emerged as a prominent and effective tool for philanthropy. They offer donors flexibility, immediate tax benefits, and the ability to strategically plan their giving. While debates exist regarding their advantages and disadvantages compared to private foundations, DAFs have become an essential component of the philanthropic landscape. As the sector evolves, it is crucial to explore collaborations between community foundations, financial institutions, and charitable organizations to harness the full potential of DAFs.